컨테이너터미널의 RFID 효과 분석

Abstract

The competition of shipping companies, ports and transportation modes has been influenced seriously by the introduction of ultra-large containerships, M&A or strategic alliances among shipping companies, and the business expansion of shipping companies for private terminals. In this competitive environment, each port expands facilities and equipment, improves information systems and customer service, reduces total costs as well as time. Especially, container terminal operators find and solve operational problems to eliminate unproductive factors. According to the Ubiquitous environment, operational systems applying RFID/USN technology have realized and gained convenience and efficiency. Investigations and researches on RFID/USN application to port logistics are also in progress because of its expected potential to improve efficiency of container terminals.

This thesis shows the trends in RFID technology and case studies which are applied to port logistics. On the basis of prevenient researches, the fields which are applicable by RFID applications are derived and analyzed to make assure the applicability. With ANP analysis, a survey of specialists estimates priority of various fields applied by RFID in container terminals. Simulation is also utilized to improve practical application to overcome the limits of ANP analysis. On the basis of this research, five advantageous effects are presented when RFID technology is applied to container terminals. First, Gate area is optimal to apply RFID system in container terminals. It is expected to deliver containers smoothly and solve the existing problems of Bar-Code system and container number recognition system. Especially, it is possible to reduce manpower as well as incoming and outgoing time of Gate. Second, the construction of RFID infrastructure is important to track movements of containers and the advance information related to movements maximize the efficiency of RFID. Third, the rate of rehandling equipment is lowered and the utility of yard space is improved when Ubiquitous system representing RFID and USN is applied. Also, the movement of equipment is minimized because it is recognized in advance. To improve productivity, it is necessary to build RFID, RTLS and Job Order receiving of Yard Tractor at once. Forth, the real-time system for container information is expected to improve customer service although RFID/USN system is less important than productivity and economical efficiency from the viewpoint of terminal operation. Finally, the problems related to container security should be under consideration. Because security and safety will be strengthened although its importance is the lowest as a result of ANP analysis. Especially, all of the containers which are not applicable to RFID system are going to be inspected in detail by the American customs.

As a result, the lead time for imports and exports will be longer due to customs clearance delays and so on, and it is considered a disadvantage for this system, and has a negative effect on International Logistics of transport system. Therefore, systematic approach is needed for container security.