컨테이너항만의 경쟁구조에 관한 연구

Abstract

According to growth of world economy, container volume increases over 10% every year. Above all, China and Korea in Far East Asia are handling over a half of the world trade volumes. As a result of growing traffic, Carriers are promoting large vessels and trying to diversify shipping networks.

Both Port Authorities and GTOs(Global Terminal Operators) also make efforts to create synergy through M&A and Joint Venture in order to adapt the changing environment.

Busan port, which had ranked at 3rd busiest port following Singapore and Hong Kong in 2002, has been nudged out of 5th place. Growth of China ports threatens Korea ports to be a hub port in Far East Asia. Therefore, Korea ports are needed to establish competitive strategies to overcome a crisis of local ports.

In this paper, The question, 'Who is my competitor ?' will be examined. There is different between this thesis and many studies that had been done before. Because, fore studies focused on the competitive factors or port efficiencies.

Prior to study, the meaning of competition among ports had been summarized through existing literatures. Next based on import-export traffic of five local ports including Busan, competition structure among ports is researched. Futhermore, competition among Busan, Gwangyang, Shanghai and Shenzhen port could be revealed by transshipment volume.

As a result, Busan and Gwangyang port are competing each other on the basis of import-export volume and growth of Incheon port affects Busan negatively. On the basis of transshipment, main competitor of Busan is not Shanghai or Shenzhen but Gwangyang.

Comprehensively, the fact that Busan and Gwangyang are competing each other is more important than competition among Chinese ports. Marketing which was used to carry out independently such as incentive program makes ports compete each other. These competitions in local market can affirmatively secure shipment. With regard to serious competition and the weakness of increase rate of volume, however, it is assumed that cutthroat competition among local ports will happen. Accordingly, it is necessary to expand cooperation with port authorities and discuss detailed matters such as incentive program.

Then it is expected that serious competition among local ports can be avoided through cooperation with port authorities and they can increase continuously volume and attract carriers.