해양환경위해도 기반 해상방제장비 적정 배치모델 개발

Abstract

HBD Model) is developed based on regional marine environmental degree of hazard. The development process of HBD Model is as follows. First of all, 7 marine environmental hazard items are established and regional states of 7 items are surveyed. And the results of surveys are normalized to be used for AHP calculation. The weighted values of 7 items are calculated by Analysis Hierarchy Process. Then regional degrees of hazard are calculated by mixing the normalization results and the weighted values of 7 items. Oil recovery capacity of 7,500㎘, which is set for each area based on current criterion, is distributed and deployed depending on the regional degree of hazard. There are some differences between the regional amount of HBD model and the regional amount of current criterion for regional oil recovery capacity.

The simulations to mobilize regional marine spill response equipments are carried out to apply and evaluate HBD model. There are two kinds of simulations. One is response simulation for maximum oil spill accident, the other is response simulation for Hebei Spirit oil spill accident. Response simulation for maximum oil spill accident is carried out to verify whether HBD Model satisfies current criterion or not. The evaluation by comparing the deployment state of oil spill response equipments in 2007 and HBD model is also carried out. As a result of the simulations, HBD Model meets the requirements for all situations. Therefore HBD Model is verified as practicable.

HBD Model is expected to contribute to the advancement of marine oil spill response field if it is reflected in the policy making process for because HBD model can improve efficiency of restoration by minimizing envieonmental damages from oil spill accident. There is the need to upgrade HBD Model by reflecting additional items to HBD Model.

Regional oil recovery capacity in Korea is set to cover maximum marine oil spill accident. Current criterion for regional oil recovery capacity is designed based on regional maximum oil spill accident, which was set with probable max. spill amount, historical data, and mobilization time of response equipments to the scene of the spill. But there is the need to consider environmental impacts when setting up the criterion because the goal of response is to minimize the environmental damage and to recover the nature as soon as possible.

In this study, the need to consider environmental impacts after marine oil spill accident is suggested to respond rapidly in sensitive area & expected area of damage. The goal of this study is to develop the optimum deployment model for marine spill response equipments on the basis of regional degree of marine environmental hazard.

There are two kinds of oil spill response. One is oil recovery on water, the other is shoreline cleanup. Oil recovery on water is preferred to shoreline cleanup because of its low impact on the environment. Mechanical recovery, one of the methods of oil recovery on water, is now the most effective method and widely used in the world. Although there are a few defects of mechanical recovery method, it is environmentally sound way to respond oil spill accident. For this reason, major marine developed countries, such as USA, Canada, Japan and Republic of Korea, adopt mechanical recovery method as their oil recovery capacity criterion.

The criteria for oil recovery capacity of USA, Canada, Japan and Republic of Korea are set by considering the factors about the causes of accident without consideration of factors about environmental impacts after accident occurred. So, the criteria need to be improved by applying the factors about environmental impacts to minimize damages from oil spill accident.

Optimum deployment model for marine spill response equipments (Hazard-Based Model