침몰선박의 잔존유 회수 시스템 최적화에 관한 연구

Abstract

Abstract

It is known that there are about 2,000 sunken vessels within jurisdictional waters in Korea. If the remaining oil, however, might be spilled out of tanks by whatsoever reason of hull corrosion, strong current, external shock by passing vessels and/or fishing activities and so on, it is expected that serious damages might happen biologically, ecologically, socioeconomically as spilled oil affects the sensitive areas such as shore and near-shore waters with a lot of fishing ground, aquaculture, amenities and industrial facilities.

Korean government enacts relevant laws and regulation on the control and management of sunken vessels providing details of risk assessment and risk-reducing measures, and have the Korea Maritime Environment Corporation conduct on-site control and management. Nevertheless, The remaining oil recovery system from sunken vessels is required to be optimized to apply to any kind of situation, considering that the recovery techniques vary according to shape of ship on seabed and surrounding meteorological and sea state.

In this regards, the author studied to design the optimized remaining oil recovery system, examining its current management system domestically and internationally and also 4 case-studies. As a results of the studies are;

First, with reference to the recent statistics, it has been reported that there are 2,153 sunken vessels in the Korean costal waters as of 2015, of which 81.2% of them are fishing vessels and 273 vessels are over 100ton.

Under the Maritime Environment Management Act(hereafter “MEMA”), it is stipulated that in order to effectively manage the status of sunken vessels in Korean waters. However, the MEMA has been criticized for its inconsistency and irrationality, for instance, under the evaluation criteria of risk assessment, while there are many items that are listed for quantitative score evaluation, only the quantity of remaining oil and keel clearance are considered the most important and hence receive the most number of points. Therefore, the author has suggested that it is necessary that the MEMA needs to be reevaluated for its overall effectiveness and according to be rectified/amended.

Second, conducted several case-studies in order to examine the procedures of remaining oil recovery on global scale, which include the sunken tanker “No.1 Yuil-Ho”(1998) and “kyungshin-Ho”(2011) cases in Korea as well as “Erika”(2000) and “Prestige”(2003~2004) cases overseas. According to these case-studies, it was found that the methodologies that were employed for remaining oil recovery differed significantly from one another. Moreover, it was also found that the effectiveness of remaining oil recovery relied heavily on the status of the sunken vessel and its surrounding environment and therefore, the author concluded that it would be worthwhile to create an all inclusive system which optimizes various available recovery methods for most situations, so that the implementer may choose the most appropriate method for given situation.

Third, being based on foresaid studies and examinations, the author designed the optimal model with 3 main components of recovery environments, recovery practices and post management, each of which is composed of applicable elements in details related to the recovery work of remaining oil from sunken vessels, and then evaluated the effectiveness of model applying to oil recovery work from sunken tanker No.1 Yuil-Ho done in 1998. Moreover the author created a new measuring method of remain oil-water interface used by standpipe.

According to the result of effectiveness evaluation, optimized recovery system has been proven and confirmed to be useful for making action plan and managing and executing the recovery work, therefore this optimized oil recovery system would make an effective tool for conducting oil recovery operation from sunken vessel.

Finally, further study including cost-benefit analysis and quantitative score calculation will be continued to get the more advanced and improved decision making procedure of remaining oil recovery from sunken vessels.