파-흐름-지반-구조물의 상호작용에 의한 지반응답의 동적해석 및 액상화에 대한 대책공법
DC Field | Value | Language |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 김도삼 | - |
dc.contributor.author | 김동욱 | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2019-12-16T02:48:06Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2019-12-16T02:48:06Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2018 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://repository.kmou.ac.kr/handle/2014.oak/11563 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://kmou.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000009840 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 본 연구는 파-흐름-지반-구조물의 상호작용에 의한 해저지반에서의 동적거동 및 액상화에 대한 대책공법을 다룬다. 본문에서는 (1) 임의반사율의 부분중복파동장하에서 해저지반내 진동간극수압에 관한 해석해, (2) 흐름과 임의반사율의 부분중복파동장하에서 해저지반내 진동간극수압에 관한 해석해, (3) 흐름과 진행파동장하에서 해저지반내의 잔류간극수압에 관한 해석해, (4) 잠제가 설치된 규칙파동장하 및 불규칙파동장하에서 해저지반의 동적거동에 관한 수치해석, (5) 잠제가 설치된 규칙파동장하 및 불규칙파동장하에서 해저지반에 대한 액상화 대책공법에 관한 수치해석과 같이 큰 5개의 부분으로 구성된다. (1)에서는 임의반사율의 부분중복파동장에 선형파 이론과 유한 두께를 갖는 해저지반에 Biot(1941) 3차원압밀이론 및 지반탄성론에 기초한 유효응력 개념을 각각 적용하여 지반내 동적응답에 관한 해석해를 새롭게 유도하며, 이로부터 수심과 반사율만을 변화시키면 기존의 해석해가 간단히 얻어지기 때문에 응용성이 보다 넓다. 본 해석해의 타당성은 무한지반상의 진행파동장 및 완전중복파동장에 대한 Yamamoto et al.(1978) 및 Tsai & Lee(1994)의 해석해와 비교·검토로부터 검증된다. (2)에서는 일정수심상에서 임의반사율을 갖는 부분중복파와 흐름이 공존하는 경우 얕은 두께를 포함한 유한 두께 및 무한 두께의 해저지반내에서 동적응답을 나타내는 해석해를 유도한다. 해석해에서 반사율이 0인 경우는 진행파와 흐름과의 공존장으로, 반사율이 1인 경우는 완전중복파와 흐름과의 공존장으로 간단히 변환된다. Biot의 압밀이론에 기초하여 해저지반은 투과탄성매체로, 간극유체는 압축성으로, 그리고 지반내 간극수의 흐름은 Darcy법칙으로 각각 가정된다. 도출된 해석해는 기존의 해석결과와의 비교·검토로부터 검증되며, 실제 계산에서는 반사율, 흐름속도, 입사파의 주기 및 지반두께 등의 변화에 따른 지반변위, 간극수압, 유효응력 및 전단응력의 변동특성을 면밀히 검토한다. (3)에서는 잔류간극수압의 추정에 관한 기존의 해석해에서 지적된 오류를 수정한 새로운 해석해를 제시한다. Fourier급수전개법과 변수리분리법으로 산정된 해석해의 타당성은 기존의 해석해, 수치해석해 및 실험결과와 비교·검토로부터 검증된다. 무한 (깊은)두께의 본 해석해는 기존의 해석해보다는 수치적분 등이 수행될 필요가 없는 보다 간단한 식이다. 유한 두께에 관한 해석해에 지반두께를 매우 작게 한 경우 극한의 얕은 두께로 점근적인 접근은 가능하지만, 지반두께를 매우 크게 한 경우 극한의 무한 두께로 접근은 불가능하며, 유한 두께와 무한 두께의 사이에는 불연속적인 영역이 존재한다. 다음으로, 본 연구에서는 진동간극수압과 잔류간극수압의 합으로 나타나는 전 간극수압의 측면에서 파동조건, 지반조건 및 흐름조건의 변화에 따른 지반응답의 변동특성을 논의하였으며, 더불어 이에 따른 액상화의 연직깊이에서 특성변화를 검토하였다. 이로부터 진행파와 순방향의 흐름의 공존장에서는 흐름속도가 증가할수록 무차원진동간극수압이 증가하고, 무차원잔류간극수압은 감소하여 결과적으로 전 무차원간극수압이 작아지며, 무차원액상화 깊이도 감소하는 등의 지반응답특성을 확인할 수 있었다. (4)에서는 잠제가 설치된 규칙파동장하 혹은 불규칙파동장하에서 해저지반의 동적거동을 수치적으로 논의한다. 본 연구에서는 2차원수치파동수로를 불규칙파동장으로 확장한 수치해석법과 유한요소법에 기초한 탄·소성지반응답용 수치해석프로그램을 적용하여 잠제의 변위, 그리고 해저지반내에서 간극수압(진동성분과 잔류성분), 간극수압비 등과 같은 지반거동의 시·공간변화로부터 액상화 가능성을 정량적으로 평가한다. 결과에 따르면 잠제하의 해저지반내에서 액상화 평가시 불규칙파의 유의파에 해당하는 파랑조건을 규칙파로 해석하는 것이 더욱 안정적인 설계로 된다는 등의 중요한 결과를 얻었다. (5)에서는 잠제 주변지반에서 발생되는 액상화를 방지하기 위한 대책공법으로 주로 하천에서 세굴방지공으로 사용되어온 콘크리트매트를 해저지반상에 포설하는 방안을 제시하고, 이에 따른 잠제와 콘크리트매트를 포함한 구조물의 동적변위, 지반내 간극수압과 간극수압비 등을 콘크리트매트가 적용되지 않은 원지반의 경우와 비교·검토한다. 이로부터 콘크리트매트하의 해저지반내에서 상대밀도의 증가에 따라 액상화 가능성을 크게 줄일 수 있다는 것을 규칙파 혹은 불규칙파 작용하의 수치해석으로부터 확인할 수 있었으며, 콘크리트매트가 포설된 경우에도 액상화 평가시 불규칙파의 유의파에 해당하는 파랑조건을 적용한 규칙파 해석이 더욱 안정적인 설계로 된다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.|This study presents the dynamic behavior of the seabed due to the interaction among seabed, structure and waves and proposes a liquefaction countermeasures. This paper consists of the following five topics, i.e., (1) An analytical solution to vibration pore water pressure in seabed for the partial standing wave fields with arbitrary reflectivity. (2) An analytical solution to vibration pore water pressure in seabed under coexisting currents and partial standing waves with arbitrary reflection ratio. (3) An analytical solution to vibration pore water pressure in seabed under coexisting currents and progressive waves. (4) Numerical analysis on the dynamic responses of the seabed with the submerged breakwater under regular and irregular waves. (5) Numerical analysis on liquefaction countermeasure of the seabed around the submerged breakwater under regular and irregular waves. In the first topic, a new analytical solution to the dynamic wave-induced soil response in a porous seabed of finite thickness was derived based on Biot's theory (Biot, 1941) and elastic foundation coupled with linear wave theory. The newly developed solution for wave-seabed interaction can be widely applied as an analytical solution because it can be easily extended to the previous analytical solutions by varying water depth and reflection ratio. The analytical solutions were verified by comparing with the previous results for a seabed of infinite thickness under the progressive and standing waves derived by Yamamoto et al.(1978) and Tsai & Lee(1994). In the second topic, an analytical solution to the dynamic responses of the seabed with finite and infinite thicknesses including shallow was developed under current and partial standing wave coexisting field with arbitrary reflection in constant water depth condition. In the analytical solution, reflection ratio was converted to 0 or 1 for progressive-wave and current coexisting field or for fully standing-wave and current coexisting field, respectively. Meanwhile, based on the Biot's consolidation theory, the seabed was assumed as a porous elastic media with the assumptions that pore fluid was compressible and Darcy law governs the current. The developed analytical solutions were verified by comparing with the existing results. Using the analytical solution, the variation characteristics of seabed deformation, pore pressure, effective and shear stresses were carefully examined with respect to the various values of reflection ratio, current velocity, incident wave's period and seabed thickness. In the third topic, the errors pointed out in the existing analytical solutions for the estimation of residual pore-water pressure accumulation weree examined and a new analytical solution using a Fourier series expansion and separation of variables is proposed. The new analytical solution was verified by comparing existing analytical and numerical solutions and available experimental data. Since there was no need for numerical integration for deep soil thickness. the newly developed solution was much simpler than the previous analysis solution. The solutions of the residual pore-water pressure for finite, deep, and shallow soil thickness revealed that it is possible to approach from finite to shallow soil thickness, but not possible to deep soil thickness because there is discontinues zone between finite and deep soil thickness. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of the total pore-water pressure, which is the sum of oscillating and residual pore water, the variation characteristics of seabed response and liquefaction depth due to waves, soil and currents were discussed. As a result, when the currents travel in the same directions as the progressive waves, the dimensionless oscillating pore-water pressure increases and residual one decreases as the flow velocity increases, and consequently the total pore-water pressure and dimensionless liquefaction depth also decreases. In the fourth topic, the dynamic responses of the seabed where the submerged breakwater was installed were numerically investigated with regular and irregular waves. To estimate liquefaction potential quantitatively, the time and spatial series of the seabed response including displacement of the structure, pore-water pressure (oscillatory and residual components) and pore water pressure ratio were investigated based on the numerical wave tank model and the finite element elasto-plastic model. Numerical results revealed that a safer design for liquefaction can be obtained by applying the regular wave condition corresponding to the significant wave height of irregular waves. Lastly, in order to prevent liquefaction that can occur around the submerged breakwater, a countermeasure covering the seabed with the concrete mat mainly used for scour prevention in a river was proposed. In addition, the displacement of the structure including the submerged breakwater and the concrete mat, the pore water pressure and the pore water pressure ratio were investigated and compared with those without the concrete mat. From the numerical estimations, it can be concluded that the concrete mat increases the relative density of the seabed so that liquefaction is greatly attenuated in regular and irregular waves. Furthermore, it was confirmed that applying the regular wave condition corresponding to the significant wave also obtained the safer design for liquefaction even in case of covering concrete mat. | - |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 목 차 ABSTRACT ························································································································ (i) 요약 ································································································································· (iii) 목차 ································································································································ (v) LIST OF FIGURES ··············································································································(x) LIST OF TABLES ············································································································(xviii) LIST OF PHOTOS ··············································································································(xix) 제1장 서론 ··························································································································(1) References ·············································································································(6) 제2장 임의반사율의 부분중복파동장에서 유한두께를 갖는 해저지반내 지반응답의 해석해 ················(9) 2.1 서언 ················································································································(9) 2.2 해석해의 유도 ······························································································· (10) 2.3 해석결과 ·······································································································(16) 2.3.1 무한 지반의 진행파동장 ······································································(16) 2.3.2 무한 지반의 완전중복파동장 ·······························································(17) 2.3.3 유한 지반의 진행파동장 ·····································································(18) 2.3.4 유한 지반의 완전중복파동장 ·······························································(20) 2.3.5 유한 지반의 부분중복파동장 ·······························································(24) 2.4 결언 ···············································································································(28) References ···········································································································(28) 제3장 흐름과 임의반사율을 갖는 부분중복파와의 공존장하 해저지반내 동적응답의 해석해 ·····················································································································(30) 3.1 서언 ···············································································································(30) 3.2 해석해 ··········································································································(30) 3.2.1 부분중복파동장의 해석 ······································································(30) 3.2.2 지반응답의 해석 ················································································(32) 3.3 해석결과의 검증 ····························································································(38) 3.3.1 완전중복파에 대한 해석해(흐름이 없는 무한 두께의 경우) ······················(38) 3.3.2 진행파에 대한 실험치(흐름이 없는 유한 두께의 경우) ······························(38) 3.3.3 진행파에 대한 실험치(흐름이 있는 유한 두께의 경우) ······························(38) 3.4 해석결과 ········································································································(39) 3.4.1 흐름과 진행파동장과의 공존장하 유한 두께의 해저지반 ··························(39) 3.4.2 흐름과 부분중복파동장과의 공존장하 유한 두께의 해저지반 ····················(41) 3.4.3 흐름과 부분중복파동장과의 공존장하 무한 두께의 해저지반 ····················(47) 3.4.4 흐름과 부분중복파동장과의 공존장하 얕은 두께의 해저지반 ····················(49) 3.4.5 흐름과 완전중복파동장과의 공존장하 유한 두께의 해저지반 ··················(50) 3.4.6 흐름과 완전중복파동장과의 공존장하 무한 두께의 해저지반 ··················(60) 3.4.7 흐름과 완전중복파동장과의 공존장하 얕은 두께의 해저지반 ··················(65) 3.5 결언 ···············································································································(66) References ···········································································································(67) 제4장 흐름과 진행파와의 공존장하 해저지반내 잔류간극수압의 해석해 ········································(69) 4.1 서언 ···············································································································(69) 4.2 해석이론 ········································································································(70) 4.2.1 지배방정식과 경계조건 ······································································(70) 4.2.2 잔류간극수압의 원천항 ······································································(73) 4.2.3 흐름과 파에 의한 해저지반내 전단응력 ·················································(74) 4.2.4 해석해의 유도 ···················································································(74) 4.3 해석결과의 검증 ·····························································································(79) 4.4 해석결과 ········································································································(83) 4.4.1 흐름이 없는 진행파 ············································································(83) 4.4.2 흐름이 있는 진행파 ············································································(84) 4.5 결언 ···············································································································(94) References ···········································································································(95) 제5장 흐름과 파와의 공존장하 해저지반내 전 간극수압의 해석해로부터 액상화의 평가 ···················(98) 5.1 서언 ···············································································································(98) 5.2 해석해 ···········································································································(99) 5.2.1 잔류간극수압 ··················································································(100) 5.2.2 진동간극수압 ··················································································(101) 5.2.3 액상화의 평가 ··················································································(102) 5.3. 해석결과 ·····································································································(103) 5.3.1 연직깊이의 변화 ··············································································(103) 5.3.2 주기의 변화 ·····················································································(105) 5.3.3 파고의 변화 ·····················································································(107) 5.3.4 지반두께의 변화 ···············································································(110) 5.3.5 흐름속도의 변화 ···············································································(112) 5.4 결언 ·············································································································(117) References ··········································································································(117) 제6장 규칙파동장하 잠제 주변지반의 동적거동에 관한 수치해석 ···············································(120) 6.1 서언 ·············································································································(120) 6.2 수치해석이론 ·······························································································(121) 6.2.1 2D-NIT모델에 의한 파동장해석 ··························································(121) 6.2.2 FLIP모델에 의한 해저지반거동해석 ····················································(122) 6.3 수치해석결과의 검증·····················································································(124) 6.4 잠제의 변위 및 잠제하 해저지반의 동적거동 ··················································(128) 6.4.1 계산조건 ·························································································(128) 6.4.2 동파압의 산정 ··················································································(128) 6.4.3 잠제 및 해저지반내에서 동적응답 ·······················································(129) 6.5 결언 ·············································································································(139) References ··········································································································(139) 제7장 불칙파동장하 잠제 주변지반의 동적거동에 관한 수치해석 ···············································(142) 7.1 서언 ·············································································································(142) 7.2 2D-NIT모델과 FLIP모델의 개요 ·····································································(142) 7.3 수치해석 ······································································································(143) 7.3.1 계산조건 ·························································································(143) 7.3.2 불규칙파랑의 조파 ···········································································(143) 7.3.3 잠제의 동적거동 ···············································································(145) 7.4 결언 ·············································································································(158) References ··········································································································(158) 제8장 콘크리트매트 피복을 이용한 잠제하 해저지반에서 액상화 대책공법에 관한 수치해석 (규칙파 조건) ··········································································································(161) 8.1 서언 ·············································································································(161) 8.2 2D-NIT모델과 FLIP모델의 개요 및 결과의 검증 ··············································(162) 8.3 수치해석 ······································································································(162) 8.3.1 계산조건 ·························································································(162) 8.3.2 잠제의 동적변위 ···············································································(162) 8.3.3 해저지반내 간극수압과 간극수압비 ····················································(167) 8.3.4 해저지반내 간극수압비의 공간분포 ····················································(171) 8.4 결언 ·············································································································(173) References ··········································································································(174) 제9장 콘크리트매트 피복을 이용한 잠제하 해저지반에서 액상화 대책공법에 관한 수치해석 (불규칙파 조건) ·······································································································(176) 9.1 서언 ·············································································································(176) 9.2 2D-NIT모델과 FLIP모델, 모델의 검증 및 계산조건 ·········································(176) 9.3 수치해석 ······································································································(177) 9.3.1 잠제의 동적거동 ···············································································(177) 9.3.2 해저지반내 간극수압 ········································································(183) 9.3.3 해저지반내 간극수압비 ·····································································(188) 9.4 결언 ·············································································································(193) References ··········································································································(194) 제10장 결론 ·····················································································································(196) 10.1 제2장 : 임의반사율의 부분중복파-해저지반과의 상호작용 ························(197) 10.2 제3장 : 흐름-임의반사율의 부분중복파-해저지반과의 상호작용··················(197) 10.3 제4장 : 흐름-임의반사율의 부분중복파-해저지반에서 잔류간극수압 ···········(199) 10.4 제5장 : 흐름-파에 의한 해저지반내에서 액상화 평가 ································(200) 10.5 제6장 : 규칙파-잠제-지반의 상호작용 ····················································(201) 10.6 제7장 : 불규칙파-잠제-지반의 상호작용 ·················································(201) 10.7 제8장 : 콘크리트매트-규칙파-잠제-지반의 상호작용에서 액상화대책 ··········(202) 10.8 제9장 : 콘크리트매트-불규칙파-잠제-지반의 상호작용에서 액상화대책 ·······(203) | - |
dc.format.extent | 225 | - |
dc.language | kor | - |
dc.publisher | 한국해양대학교 대학원 | - |
dc.rights | 한국해양대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다. | - |
dc.title | 파-흐름-지반-구조물의 상호작용에 의한 지반응답의 동적해석 및 액상화에 대한 대책공법 | - |
dc.type | Dissertation | - |
dc.date.awarded | 2018-02 | - |
dc.contributor.alternativeName | Kim Dong Wook | - |
dc.contributor.department | 대학원 토목환경공학과 | - |
dc.contributor.affiliation | 한국해양대학교 토목환경공학과 | - |
dc.description.degree | Doctor | - |
dc.subject.keyword | Liquefaction, Wave-Current-Seabed-Structure interaction | - |
dc.title.translated | Dynamic Analysis for Seabed Response by Interaction of Waves-Current-Seabed-Structure and Countermeasure for Liquefaction | - |
dc.contributor.specialty | 해안 및 항만공학 | - |
dc.identifier.holdings | 000000001979▲200000000139▲200000009840▲ | - |
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