中·韓 보장성주택제도에 관한 비교 연구

Abstract

In the 1920s and 1930s, some developed countries started to implement the public housing policy, promoted the gradual formation of the public housing system and improved the living environment of the residents. Although the coverage and degree of public housing system in various countries are affected by factors such as historical tradition, level of economic development, political culture and financial status, there is a certain gap between them. However, after decades of exploration and development, most countries have established the more sound public housing system, formed an effective operation and management mechanism. Both China and South Korea started their development from nothing after the Second World War. In the 1960s and the 1970s, the economy of South Korea started to grow rapidly. All the systems started from nothing and then gradually improved. Since the reform and opening up, China's economy started to grow rapidly. Especially after the first housing reform in the late 1990s, housing conditions have been greatly improved. However, China still faces many difficulties, especially in recent years. Due to land prices, the rising costs of labor and materials, resulting in high prices, resulting in more difficult to buy a house. Under such circumstances, the governments of China and South Korea learn from the experience of developed countries and start to develop a large amount of affordable housing to improve the living environment of low and middle-income groups. Due to the development of affordable housing and economic and cultural factors, in general, South Korea's affordable housing system is superior to China's affordable housing system, with more comprehensive coverage, less waste and unfairness, China has a lot to learn from.

The protection of citizens' right of residence rather than ownership is the basic value goal of public housing for all countries. The goal of its implementation is to solve the housing problems of citizens, especially low-income groups, improve their living conditions and environment, and achieve "everyone has the housing right" for all. At present, both China and South Korea have been developing according to this goal. They are all based on rent and supplemented by sales. They have achieved good results in implementing affordable housing policies for special groups. However, in the process of development, all kinds of problems have also been encountered. Starting with the definition of poverty, this article analyzes the commonalities and differences of affordable housing in China and South Korea through the attributes and characteristics of affordable housing. Through Germany, Sweden, Singapore and other countries with more advanced affordable housing systems in the world, we can compare the outstanding systems of affordable housing in the world today. However, because of the cultural, economic and traditional factors in various countries, it is impossible to completely copy all the excellent system of other countries. Only by combining the actual conditions of our country we can develop the suitable affordable housing system of our own country.

Funding and construction have always been the most two important steps in extensive implementation of affordable housing. Without strong financial support and proper management and construction mode, affordable housing can not be implemented smoothly, and the housing difficulties of the middle and lower income groups can not be alleviated. How to solve the funds problem? Facing of huge construction and maintenance costs, only by the financial support is obviously unfeasible. Only by properly using the government's tax revenue, bank loans and private funds can we provide strong financial support for affordable housing. The imperfect construction and management have caused serious waste of resources and injustice, leading to serious and antagonistic social divisions. This clearly runs counter to the purpose and significance of the implementation of affordable housing. Slum and suburbanization, misuse of funds and problems of migrant workers are all caused by mismanagement. It is necessary to put an end to this waste of policies. Like South Korea, China should set up a special agency to raise funds and to scientific manage the affordable housing construction and distribution.

How to innovate the housing system so that more people can enjoy a better living environment has always been what we want to study hard. This paper suggests that the planning of small property should be included in the construction of affordable housing system, which can not only alleviate and improve the living conditions, but also ease the housing shortage of affordable housing problems, as well as to solve the problem of identity the affordable housing. The other is the combination of reducing the unsold houses, that is, to supplement the protection of housing real estate, but also to achieve the purpose of real estate to inventory, easing the economic pressure. Using the high technology to improve the utilization of the house, so as to solve the housing problem, this paper proposes to share the economic model of the Internet, in hope of the government to set up a platform to share the protection of housing, improve the utilization of the house, give full play to the living properties of the house, take advantage of information dissemination and resource sharing allow technology to change lives. Finally, in hope of combining the concept of supply-side reform to ease the high vacancy rate of affordable housing, avoid the waste of resources and repeated development and construction, set up a scientific mechanism for entry and exit, protect the rights and interests of every individual and achieve"everyone has the housing right"as soon as possible. To create an advanced welfare system that will benefit more and more people.