도심형 주민센터의 건축적 공공성에 관한 연구

Abstract

This study about the architectural publicness of community centers located in urban areas. The community center is a lower administrative body of local governments and is the smallest unit of public offices in charge of administrative affairs within the city. The community center has the characteristics that one place should be set up and operated in the same unit, which is the jurisdiction of the administrative district, according to the standards of its installation. Therefore, the community center is the most equal public building installed in any city in Korea. It is a public building that supports everyday life such as leisure, education, rest, health, and cultural activities as well as civil service administrative functions. In addition, the community center has an open public nature, and open public nature refers to public buildings with public functions that are open to all local residents, including the elderly, children, disabled and foreigners, making them open and accessible. In other words, the role of public architecture is to form a stage for public debate that formally encourages and activates diversity and autonomy of conduct for local residents. This is stipulated through the installation criteria, and considering the surrounding area of traffic, roads, and walking, and the establishment of a community base through the planning criteria to enhance convenience. Therefore, it can be said that making community centers a good place through high-quality design and linkage with the surrounding public spaces and buildings is to create a base for local life culture and to improve the quality of life of local residents by establishing tangible and intangible assets in the area, and to create places where people want to visit, thereby creating a center for living services in the region and an integrated venue for education and culture. To summarize the views in this study on the architectural public nature of community centers: The community center can be said to be a public building with a public character in all aspects of its functions and programs, urban contexts and cultural aspects, as well as its internal and external spaces. Therefore, the target of the community center is divided into walking spaces, buildings, functional aspects, and cultural aspects to discuss the architectural public nature of each of them. First, the outer space (walking space) of the community center is open to all, not to the closed space for personal personal use or convenience, and it affects not only visitors visiting for the purpose, but also pedestrians passing through or taking a short rest. The openness of the walking space in therms of pedestrians and the outer space in the land in terms of users are analyzed through diversity. Second, a building called a community center must be harmonized with the surrounding environment by taking into account the urban context, lead the landscape of the area, and reflect the design that suits the local characteristics. In response, it is analyzed whether the exterior design of the community center has architectural publicity through the image of buildings such as consideration of the surrounding context, color, materials and facade. Third, the functions of the community center can be largely seen as administrative functions and self-help functions of the residents, and if we subdivide them, all functions are combined into public functions for local residents, including culture, welfare and education. This can be said that the community center itself already has a functional public nature. In addition to the resident self-governing program, however, the community center recently performs various functions, or actively reflects the specificity or need of the area, which can be said to be highly functional in such cases. Finally, regarding the cultural aspect of the community center, the architectural public nature of the community center is to be examined in terms of the actual user’s view. In addition to discussing the public nature that the residents of the actual community center can feel, the public will be open to the elderly, children, disabled people and foreigners to discuss whether they have public functions that are open and easy to access.