한국 석유화학 외항탱커선 해운기업의 경영효율성 평가에 관한 연구

Abstract

Ahead of 2020's, the global shipping economy is still in recession since the 2008 global financial crisis. The global tanker shipping industry is also in recession due to the reduction of consumption and logistics. By the way, the heavy and chemical industry is well developed in Korea. Under the current shipping market conditions, it can be said that a study on the management efficiency evaluation of Korean overseas oil and chemical tanker shipping companies utilizing those favorable Korean industrial systems is necessary to secure their global competitiveness.

Thus, the purpose of this Study is for analyzing and evaluating the management efficiency of the Korean overseas oil and chemical tanker shipping companies(called "Companies"). For this Study, it has been reviewed the outline of Companies and collected 20 DMU companies. It has been collected 4 major financial factors of operating cost(OC), sales(S), selling and administrative expenses(SAE), operating revenue(OR) which are noticed in DART and 1 non-financial factor of deadweight ton(DWT) of 20 DMU companies for 3 years from 2016 to 2018. It has been analyzed the management efficiency of 20 DMU by DEA-CCR-I & DEA-BCC-I analysis models of 'DEA-Solver-LV' program including 'SPSS Window(22V)' and 'MS Excel' program with above 5 factors. And then, it has been conducted in-depth interviews with CEO and Directors of the 20 DMU companies so as to evaluate the results and trends, what factors are needed to improve management efficiency for each DMU.

The results of analysis in this Study are as follows; First, it has been found that OC in 2018 increased by 15.7%, DWT increased by 15.3%, and the S increased by 3.3%. SAE decreased by 7.6% and OR decreased by 66.7% for which compared to its 2016, as the results of 20 DMU companies were compared and analyzed. Second, as a result of analysing the trend of TE, PTE, SE, it was found that 6 companies of DMU No. 1, 4, 7, 10, 19, and 20 recorded its efficiency of '1' and RTS was ranked as CRS level for 3 years. It can be said that the reliability of the empirical analysis of this study has been proven. Third, it was analyzed that the values of OC, DWT and SAE were negative. In particular, it was found that their inefficiency values of OS and SAE were observed largely, thus it was suggested improving measures to each DMU company. Fourth, with the result of this DEA analysis and in-depth interviews, it has been collected 87.5% of positive responses, and gained another improving measures for management efficiency.

The contribution and implication of this Study are as follows; First, it was found that there was almost no study on the management efficiency using the DEA analysis method related to the Korean overseas oil and chemical tanker shipping companies. Second, it was gained improving measures by in-depth interviews with CEO and directors. Third, even though stagnant shipping industry since 2008, it was confirmed the remarkable growth of Companies and ships. Fourth, it is necessary to prepare for the recession of the shipping industry at all times and to systematically manage assets and resources by preemptively responding to crises such as efficient management of assets, reduction of cost expenditures. Also it needs training and investment of experts.

The limitation and direction of this Study are as follows; First, it is that the research scope and depth were limited as there were no samples and few previous research data. Second, DEA research technique does not accurately assess the technical relationship to the results of the analyzed data. Third, as Korea's heavy and chemical industry is on a global scale, if many study including DEA research techniques shall be expanded and developed in related industries, it will be help to enhance the generality of future study.

Keywords: DEA, DMU, Interview, Management Efficiency, Oil & Chemical Tanker, Petrochemical