해양파출소의 건축적 공공성에 관한 연구

Abstract

This study is about the architectural publicness of cost guard substation located in Busan's fishing port. The development of cities are causing fishing villages to be included in cities, and the phenomenon of being neglected or killed in functional incongruity is being witnessed. In this situation, interest in the ocean is increasing due to the increase in individual leisure time, and it is attracting attention as a center of marine tourism. In line with this, the government is pushing ahead with its fishing port development policy, but discussions on qualitative improvement and understanding of public services and public spaces have not been made due to the plan focused on aesthetic aspects and programs. Therefore, this study attempts to analyze and evaluate the Busan cost guard substation from the perspective of the 'architectural publicness' discussed in fishing ports. The internal and external factors of cost guard substation were examined from an architectural perspective, and the elements of expression of public character for improving the public nature of space and facilities were analyzed and discussed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of the study can be summarized as follows: First, we looked at external publicness in order from the local aspects of the widest range to the spatial and the morphological aspects. 1) From the regional perspective, cost guard substation could be divided into urban neighborhood type, industrial complex type, and coastal village type depending on the area behind them. Depending on the spatial characteristics of the area behind the cost guard substation, accessibility, cognition, and connectivity could be seen to vary. Therefore, it is possible to build public characteristics for each type by linking and highlighting these regional elements. In addition, it was found that accessibility varied depending on the layout of the building and the direction of the building's frontality, which could be divided into four types depending on the location and frontality of the building. Among them, if it is located outside the fishing port and the front of the building faces the sea, it is the ideal type of case as it was highly public nature case due to increased accessibility and awareness for pedestrians, resident officials, and marine workers. 2) In terms of space, due to the location of cost guard substation, there is usually no consideration for green areas and rest areas. The public nature may be enhanced by creating a resting and green space in external spaces, and the convenience of access may be provided by securing parking spaces in front spaces such as pier facilities. The pedestrian environment should be continuous to prevent the flow of walking from being interrupted, and it was able to increase public nature by securing a pedestrian path that could reach the destination safely. 3) From a morphological point of view, transparency and visual recognition of the elevation can be discussed. In order to increase transparency of the elevation, the public nature of the building can be increased by creating windows and open spaces in the front. Visual recognition should be made easy to find not only for first-time visitors but also for nearby residents using signage and mark of cost guard substation. This makes it possible to build public character by increasing accessibility and awareness. Secondly, by analyzing the actual composition status and the ‘cost guard substation improvement model’ in internal publicness, we could see that there were various missions and roles unlike in the past, when the role of the reporting office was main.In addition, it was shown that the demand for civil petitions was increasing, and that support space was needed accordingly. The demand for civil complaints made it necessary to secure civil service space the most, and spaces such as equipment management building and rescue equipment room were needed for dispatching work. Currently, except for the cost guard substation where the improvement model was applied among the cost guard substation in Busan, there was no internal space to fulfill these various duties and roles. Looking at the factors that can implement the public nature of the interior space, civil service administration space was able to secure comfort and stay through securing civil service waiting space. In addition, the support space, which is in the form of temporary buildings outside, was able to increase publicness through the equipment management building and the rescue equipment room. In addition, the public nature of the interior space can be implemented by preventing confusion in the traffic lines by flow planning and enhancing the comfort of entering the area.

By looking at internal and external factors of cost guard substation in Busan, we were able to suggest qualitative improvements in spatial, morphological, and functional aspects. Publicity implementation methods include ways to enable activities of culture, education, and experience in conjunction with local communities to meet the diverse needs of the community. Residents' convenience facilities such as civil service issuing machines, ATMs, and information media boards can also be established to secure functional publicness. Analyzing cost guard substation by dividing them into internal and external public elements, and discuss how to implement architectural publicness from the wide context to the elements of interior space. Based on this, the purpose of the study is to make suggestions on how to implement future-oriented publicness, and this study is meaningful in that it looked at public buildings in Busan from the perspective of architectural publicness.