항만의 감염병 리스크 대응방안에 관한 연구 - Bow-Tie 기법을 적용하여

Abstract

In March 2020, the global creation of infectious diseases (COVID-19) has changed the landscape of all industries around the world until the World Health Organization declared a pandemic. The consumption structure has been changed to prevent infection and transmission of infectious diseases, and as untact has been applied to all areas, non-face-to-face meetings such as delivery and telecommuting have become commonplace rather than direct exposure. However, logistics, which serves as a supply between production and consumption of products, is practically impossible to completely non-face-to-face. In this state, ports, airports and terminals, which are important hubs of logistics, are not immune from the threat of many infectious diseases. In particular, in Korea, 99.8% of export and import cargo is processed at ports and 20 out of 44 national industrial complexes have characteristics adjacent to ports, contributing greatly to the national economy and industry. Therefore, national attention is currently focused on managing the risk of infectious diseases in ports, and each domestic port corporation and local port authority is focusing on preventing and reducing the risk of infectious diseases. However, most prior studies dealing with existing port risk focused on port macro-risk or human and material risk, and human risk was also constructed to a greater extent due to worker injury. This study focused on the risk of infectious diseases among the various risks of ports, collecting in-port case data from April 2020 to March 2021, substituting it for the semi-quantitative Bow-Tie evaluation technique to evaluate the risk response of infectious diseases and add a complement to the existing port risk response manual. Semi-quantitative Bow-Tie evaluations resulted in inadequate evaluation of T1-C3, T1-C4, T2-C1, T2-C2, T2-C3, and T2-C4 scenarios due to the lack of IPL scoring criteria for reduction measures (minimizing contact with workers and stakeholders in ports). The underlying cause of the above results is that most of the port's risk response to infectious diseases is made up of procedures and received low IPL scores. In response, this study sought to improve the adequacy of the port's risk response by establishing standard procedures for responding to infectious diseases, seeking ways to reduce port's financial losses due to infectious diseases, and suggesting strong countermeasures against various infectious diseases. This study conducted a risk assessment of the risk response of infectious diseases in ports based on data on cases of outbreaks in domestic ports of infectious diseases (COVID-19), which are prevalent around the world. In addition, it is significant to adopt a semi-quantitative Bow-Tie evaluation method to secure and evaluate quantitative evaluation results, and to derive prevention and reduction measures based on the actual risk response manual at ports.