항만 관련 권한의 합리적 배분방안에 관한 연구

Abstract

This study aims to improve the global competitiveness of Busan Port in line with the changes in the port logistics system of advanced overseas ports that are rapidly changing due to the 4th Industrial Revolution. The exercise of port-related authority between the central government, local governments, and port authorities in port development and management, raises the question of whether it is true that the central government exercises the authority for port development and management entirely, as well as raising the economic status of Busan Port. In order to improve the Busan Metropolitan City or the Busan Port Authority, the central government's port-related affairs started with a critical mind of how much port autonomy should be secured to enhance the global competitiveness of Busan Port. The distribution of authority, such as port development and management, concentrated in the central government to local governments or port authorities is presented through a literature review and a survey of port-related experts, and the central government's position on port-related authority, The position of the local government and the position of the port authority are analyzed through previous studies, and how the authority of the central government, the authority of the local government, and the authority of the port authority are established in the 「Port Act」. This study tried to examine the provisions of the so-called 3 Port Acts, such as the 「Port Redevelopment and Adjacent Area Development Act」 and the 「Marina Port Creation and Management Act」. Under the current 「Port Act」, nationally managed ports such as Busan Port have been operated so far in terms of uniformity, publicity, and efficiency of ports because the Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries has port-related authority such as the establishment of basic port plans. Over the years, the capacity of each local government has been strengthened more than in the past, and since the demand of local residents for decentralization is greater than ever, the central government has been Rather, local governments should exercise port-related authority on their own initiative to solve the problem of compatibility with urban planning. In addition, the role of port authorities within the jurisdiction is gradually increasing for the strengthening of port competitiveness, the autonomy of port operation, and professionalism of the port operation. This study has organized the rational distribution of port-related rights into five major categories. First, the establishment of a basic port plan under the 「Port Act」 and the distribution of enforcement rights, second, the distribution of port management and operation rights under the 「Port Act」 Third, the distribution plan of port hinterland development plan and execution authority under 「Port Act」, fourth, establishment and implementation authority of basic port redevelopment plan under 「Port Redevelopment Act」, fifth, establishment and implementation of a basic plan under 「Marina Port Act」 Regarding the distribution method of authority, the distribution method were proposed along with the need for revision of related laws and systems. According to the 「Port Act」 through a survey of experts, ‘allocation of authority to establish and implement basic plans for ports’ requires distribution of authority to local governments with an emphasis on connectivity with regions and locality of ports rather than maintaining the existing authority of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries. For the competitiveness of ports, it is necessary to distribute authority to port authorities. According to the 「Port Act」, the distribution of the ‘right to manage and operate the port’ is not to maintain the authority of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries in terms of port unity and port efficiency, but rather to distribute the authority to local governments in terms of connectivity with the region and locality of ports. This is necessary, and in terms of autonomy in port operation, it is necessary to distribute authority to port authorities. In addition, the distribution of the ‘port hinterland development planning authority ’ under the 「Port Act」 is not about maintaining the authority of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries in terms of unity, publicity, and efficiency of ports, but in terms of connectivity with the region, vitalization of the local economy, and locality of ports It is necessary to distribute powers to local governments The distribution of the ‘authority to establish and implement basic plans for port redevelopment’ under the 「Port Redevelopment Act」 is based on the connection with the region rather than maintaining the authority of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries in terms of the unity of ports, the publicity of ports, and the efficiency of resource distribution. It is necessary to distribute authority to local governments with an emphasis on economic revitalization and port locality. Lastly, the distribution of the ‘marina port master plan establishment and implementation authority’ under the 「Marina Port Act」 is related to the region rather than maintaining the authority of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries in terms of port uniformity, publicity of ports, and resource allocation efficiency. It is necessary to distribute authority to local governments with an emphasis on revitalizing the local economy and locality of ports.

Keywords: Port Autonomy, Port 3 Act, port authority, Port Development, Port Redevelopment, Marina Port