선박급유업의 안전관리 체계에 관한 연구

Abstract

Korea's maritime policy has focused on ship's physical safety and ship crew's quality improvement, and has been slightly negligent to ship operation, especially ensuring safety related to ship's loading and unloading hazardous materials. The maritime policy and harbour functions have been focused on swift ship's passing and logistics like freight loading and unloading. In the harbours in Korea, many maritime accidents took place including oil tanker accidents for the past 5 years. In fact, there is a high possibility that accidents occur in the harbours, due to various reasons, such as congested maritime traffic and declined concentration, because of climatic environment in harbour and scattered harbour facilities.

However, if systematic danger factor management system, namely, safety management system is devised, it will contribute to reducing harbour accidents. In the case of a bunkering ship transporting large amount of oil and passing a harbour, there is a need to analyze whether a safety management system is properly operated, arising from small-sized bunker supply companies, which have to work at maritime berthing or anchorage, and inferior ship crew's working conditions and environment.

Bunker supplying companies's safety management system can be divided into two types: an ISM (international safety management) system in which a ship is loaded with 100 tons or more of hazardous materials and an internal safety control plan to be established, when a ship deals with hazardous materials within a harbour.

This study comparatively analyzed the standardized ISM system manual and the internal safety control plan for hazardous materials loading and unloading used by each bunker supplying company in relation with problems caused by applying the two types of safety management systems. As a result, this paper presented the direction of the two systems to take as follows:

First, efficient safety management and compatibility by unifying the two systems need to be maintained. Second, duplicate approval of the internal safety control plan for hazardous materials loading and unloading should be avoided by establishing unified safety standard for all harbours like the past hazardous materials handling rules within the harbour. Third, a measure to adopt integrated safety manager system to prevent confusion of two-type safety managers for one ship, according to the characteristics of the two systems (centered on hazardous materials loading and unloading or focused on international safety management) is needed. Fourth, the importance of re-training like complementary training on the education/training of hazardous materials loading and unloading and international safety management should be described. Fifth, the regulations on emergency departure and the suspension of loading and unloading, such as departure control on international safety and hazardous materials loading and unloading safety, are required. Sixth, the need to consolidate training on hazardous materials-related accidents and international safety management is suggested. Lastly, this study suggests external certification audit should be carried out including ISM system in the internal safety control plan for hazardous materials loading and unloading.