연안해양사고 대응방안 구축에 관한 실증연구

Abstract

The safe ship operation of Korean coastal shipping, compared with that of ocean going shipping, is threatened by difficulties in replacement of a deteriorated ship, and supply of safety equipment and well-trained crew due to overspace and deterioration of a ship, and a small-scale business. These problems are working as a big barrier to the distribution center of northeast Asia as well as the loss of manpower and material caused by repeated accidents.

This study is focused on formulating a plan for competitiveness reinforcement of coastal shipping based on an analysis and settlement of causes and types of marine accidents. This draws a countermeasure to marine accidents and explains that these measures are how to strengthen competitiveness of coastal shipping.

The followings are main contents and method of this study.

First, this analyzes problems of Korean coastal shipping industry through grasp on nature and a type of coastal shipping. The data are from KSA coastal ships operation statistics, several statistics of Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal, Korea Maritime Research Institute and Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries.

Second, this deduces a method for raise in competitiveness of coastal shipping through the present state analysis of it and actually proves its validity. The date are received from a questionnaire intended for coastal shipping companies.

Third, a questionnaire's credibility is proved by an internal consistency test using Cronbach's Alpha and the Construct Validity of a related variable is proved by the Factor Analysis using Principal Components Extraction Method. The verification of study hypothesis applies SEM analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis.

Among the total marine accidents, accidents of small and midium-sized ships account for more than 80%. They form majority of coastal traffic because of their lots of numbers. Therefore, a special safety measure to them is necessary.

The negligence of workers on board is considered a direct cause of marine accidents. Fundamentally, however, the marine accidents result from mix of port facilities, ships themselves, marine policy, a management target, safety management system, maritime environment and so on. Accordingly, it is necessary that the fundamental causes of marine accidents are grasped by a multilateral analysis about maritime safety environment and a countermeasure to marine accidents should be formulated effectively,

As marine accidents are mainly caused by a human error which is due to lack of safety awareness and operation ability, there is no doubt that the fundamental measure which can decrease the number of accidents is a reduction of an operator's error. It is necessary to work out a general measure to the crew issue by an amendment of related laws, the improvement of working condition and welfare and, consequently, supply and demand stabilization. Besides, the quality of mariners should be improved up to regulated level in STCW.

It is rather difficult that marine accidents are prevented only by the improvement of crew quality. Preferentially, the governmental consideration for safety reinforcement is required. Through a ship inspection and Port State Control, the accidents by ships with a lack of operational safety should be prevented. Through tax and mortgage aid, the systematic and executive support are required.

Also the Government needs to try to foster safe maritime traffic environment through port facilities expansion, sea routes guarantee for ships to sail safely, reinforcement of route signals and amendment of related laws.

The communication between ships and a control should be carried out easily by increase of AIS and PTMS. PTMS functions as analysis of ship traffic state in crowded ports and coasts and offer of useful information for safe operation. And it is proper for experienced mariners to operate it. In addition, it is necessary to improve maritime traffic safety information system through frequent offer of navigational reports and an expansion of marine weather equipments, to strengthen publicity works about marine traffic safety and to control related safety rule observance.