沿岸海運의 船員人力需給 및 養成에 관한 硏究

Abstract

In order to promote the desirable development of coastal shipping industry, it is necessary to prepare and practice the various solutions to make the coastal shipping firms be stably supplied crews by the well thought out researches and surveys to the crew supply-demand system of domestic coastal shipping. Under this background, this study focused on the supply-demand and training system of the crew for domestic coastal shipping. First of all, it forecasted the prospect and effect in the future of the crew supply-demand through the analysis to the current situation of crew employment and the internal and external environment changes. Next, it suggested the specific role and alternatives of government, industry and educational institutions after the comparison and examination of the sailor policies among Korea and major shipping countries.

Moreover, it will be timely to seek the activation approaches about crew employment and training system by so recognizing the importance of the system in the reinforcement of the competitiveness of coastal shipping companies.pao achieve the purpose of this study, it mainly surveyed and articles and reports concerning domestic and foreign coastal shipping and crew employment, analyzed the practical data about the issues, and tried to explore for appropriate solution to the problem.

As the theoretical background, it mostly reviewed the necessity of securing the crew and the justification for the crew plan able to supply them stably, and then it confirmed the limitations and problems of existing researches and examined their data with the intention of securing the rationale of this study’s remarks.

In regard to the demand of crew manpower in coastal shipping, it figured out the bottoms and the current circumstances of sailors, and it could anticipate the future demand by the gradational approach. According to the findings, firstly the result of this simulation by the changes of the ship numbers demonstrated that the demand over the next 10 years will be 7,890～8,025 in the case of the growth 0.4%, and 7,894～8,063 in 0.5%. Secondly, assuming the growth 0.1～1%, the result illustrated that the demand will come to 7,879～8,258. This means the fact that the additional manpower has to be input to 20～430 annually from now on.

Concerning the supply of crew manpower, it comprehended the present conditions of the crew supply system in advance, and suggested the future supply outlook. In accordance with the result of research, for the supply-demand balance, the new manpower 2,000～2,500 are required in the labor market considering the withdrawal of older crew over the age of 60 within the next 10 years.

Furthermore, the study pointed out several problems of the education program for crew training existing, and tried to seek the activation of the ways to solve the problems for to eliminate the mismatch of the crew employment. It enumerated different ways to realize stable supply and demand, and presented some plans to train mates, engineers and deckhands in the coastal ship. Besides, it suggested concretely the government policy agenda of the coastal crew and the proposal of the stable employment and training of human resources in the coastal shipping industry.

This study proposed the approach as follows. Firstly, for the realization of stable supply and demand, the current state of the crew should exactly be analyzed. Though the precise grasp of present situation of the crew is important, it was difficult to collect information because of the paucity of correct data. To solve the different issues of the coastal crew, it is necessary to secure different statistics data about the crew at ship, job, age, nationality, license, and welfare. For the accumulation of database, the materials, statistics, and references should be collected annually, the synchronization of data and information sharing are required positively under the initiative of the Ministry of Land, Transportation and Maritime Affairs or the Korea Shipping Association.

Secondly, if this precondition is met, it will be able to understand the situation of the crew supply and demand. And then, it is necessary to forecast “periodically,” basing on the database, the future employment, and it is significant to introduce the scientific and objective prediction approaches to raise the accuracy to the crew employment.

Thirdly, the public institutions, that is, the Ministry of Land or KSA should be responsible to practice the policies about the train of crew in the coastal shipping because those policies are planned and executed in terms of the national economic strategy.

Finally, the professional agency is required for the stable supply of the crew manpower in the coastal shipping. The KSA could take the role of the professional agency that is able to train, search and re-educate the good crew and serve the competitive crew in terms of the economics of scale.

In conclusion, this study showed the more rational numbers about the supply-demand than the past researches and displayed the systematic approach to supply and train the crew in domestic coastal shipping. There are some limitations in this study. This study did not consider the crew employment in the ocean going shipping. That would have decisive effect on the crew employment in the coastal shipping. In the mid-term or long-term forecasting, in spite of the fact that the historical data over double of future period is required, this study used just the past-10-year data because of the lack of domestic reference. Moreover, the change of the prediction should be considered, whenever a special factor occurs, because there are lots of factor effecting on the labor market. Therefore, in future studies, more precise tools are required to anticipate the crew supply and demand. If analytical and empirical studies are conducted through these tools, it will be able to suggest the findings whose ability to predict is higher than studies so far.