유조선시장이 우리나라 석유기업의 국제물류 비용과 안정성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

Abstract

Global market leaders play a major role in the global market as international trade has been widely expanded, and they realized that international logistics is one of the core strategic elements in enhancing global competitiveness and cooperation. Global market leaders have introduced "Third Party Logistics" since late 1990s in order to transfer logistics function to the external specialized parties. Supply Chain Management is widely spread to American and European corporations, and they transferred comprehensive function of logistics to the external specialized parties : not only logistics operation but also logistics strategy and planning.

Major players in the international shipping industry also have expanded their business fields from specialized shipping services to comprehensive logistics services, and nowadays they have grown to specialized logistics corporations in the global market.

Korean international trade also achieved rapid growth since last couple of decades, while logistics in the Korean industry have failed to overcome its traditional position as the internal support to production and sales of products. The volume of Korean international trade has recently ranked on 12th or 13th place in the international trade market. Crude oil is the first important cargo, and petroleum products are the 5th one in terms of import volume as well as the 6th in terms of export volume of Korean international trade. All the Korean import and export oils are transported by oil tanker vessels.

Korean oil refineries have operated crude oil tankers by themselves, while they have chartered petroleum product tankers from foreign tanker owners. International logistics of the Korean petroleum industry comprehends import of crude oil, import and export of petroleum products and oil trade among the third countries. Advanced logistics management including qualified oil tanker operation may result in an improvement of both productivity and stability of Korean international oil logistics.

This study firstly, reviews previous researches in terms of logistics management, secondly makes market analysis of international oil industry and ocean-going shipping industries, thirdly does field survey for the major market players in the oil refineries, shipping companies and oil tanker brokers in Korea, and finally examines and evaluates the result of field survey by frequency analysis, factor analysis, difference t-test, analysis of variance, and multi-regression analysis.

The findings of this study are summarized as the following

1. Most of the market players in the Korean international oil logistics have similar recognition upon the effects of oil tanker market to the cost and stability of international oil logistics. Three kinds of market players such as oil refineries, shipping companies and oil tanker brokers showed no difference in the recognition upon the effects of factor of shipping management performance on the cost and reliability of Korean international oil logistics. Their recognition was not different from each other upon the effect of factor of oil tanker possession periods, while their recognition showed difference upon the effects of oil tanker operation factor.

2. There are causal relationship between the oil tanker operation policy and results of Korean international oil logistics.

The contribution of study is that its findings can be referred to the Korean oil industry as the references for evaluation of strategy and operation of international logistics. Its finding also can be referred to the Korean shipping industry as the references for evaluation of marketing strategy and operation of oil tanker. This study may also contribute to the further study as the field study of international oil tanker market, international oil logistics in Korea.