선박동원에 따른 운용인력 발전방안에 관한 연구

Abstract

In recent years, as the arms race in Northeast Asia, tensions are rising. At the base of that, neighboring countries surrounding the Korean Peninsula, such as the United States, Japan, China, and Russia, which have their own interests first, are actively making moves to expand their diplomatic and military influence externally. Among these, North Korea, which cannot afford to intervene in the high-tech arms race, has chosen a nuclear bomb, the last weapon, and is raising the level of tension on the Korean peninsula through continuous provocations such as several nuclear tests and ballistic missile launches between 2013 and 2017 after Kim Jong-un took office. As such, the security environment in Northeast Asia is rapidly changing, and the possibility of maritime disputes has surfaced in connection with island territories such as Dokdo and Ieodo, and the possibility of maritime resource development disputes over fishing rights, natural gas, and petroleum resources within the EEZ is also increasing. In preparation for such threats from North Korea and neighboring countries, Korea is advocating a national fleet and is increasing its maritime power. The Navy has continued to energize the state-of-the-art power with the aim of the Ocean Navy, and the foundation that can play a pivotal role in protecting our national interests and contributing to world evaluation in major maritime transport routes such as Dokdo and Ieodo, as well as the Malacca and Tsugaru Straits Was prepared. In addition, the power of the maritime police was mainly for coastal guards in the past, but with continuous power reinforcement, it has the ability to operate in the high seas, and in the event of a national emergency, it can play a large role as the power of the national fleet like the navy. In peacetime, Korea performs the mission of national defense as a standing force, but in the event of a national emergency, it is a reality that it is impossible to conduct a war only with standing force, and the country mobilization force is essential. Today, most countries tend to reduce standing power and increase the role of reserve power due to the burden of enormous military expenditures. Instead of cutting-edge weapons through Defense Reform 2.0, Korea is also planning to reduce standing power from 59.9 million as of 2018 to 500,000 by 2025, and is pursuing a defense policy that also refines reserve power. In the event of a national emergency, a mobilization order is declared, and civilian personnel, supplies, and ships are mobilized. In particular, the Navy mobilizes more than 800 various ships (including KFS ships) to support the standing force and is using it as a key force for naval operations, such as support for landing operations, support for coastal and amphibious logistics, and support for maritime fleet operations. The operating manpower of mobilized ships is supposed to be mobilized at the same time by the crew on board the ship, but the ratio of foreign sailors is high in most domestic ships, and the aging rate is high even for Koreans. There is a need for a more realistic alternative to management personnel. Therefore, this study investigates laws and regulations related to mobilization in Korea and the national mobilization system, and seeks to find ways to efficiently utilize the manpower for mobilization in Korea based on cases of mobilization of personnel and ships by country. In addition, by closely analyzing the embarkation service reserve system, which plays the largest role in the current mobilized ship management manpower, it is intended to present a plan to develop manpower management according to ship mobilization in case of a national emergency.