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A Study on the Diversity of the Macrozoobenthos from the Rocky Shores in Busan, Korea with Morphological Analysis and DNA Barcoding
- Title
- A Study on the Diversity of the Macrozoobenthos from the Rocky Shores in Busan, Korea with Morphological Analysis and DNA Barcoding
- Alternative Title
- 부산 암반조간대 대형저서동물의 다양성 연구: 형태학적 분석 및 DNA 바코딩
- Issued Date
- 2023
- Publisher
- 한국해양대학교 해양과학기술전문대학원
- URI
- http://repository.kmou.ac.kr/handle/2014.oak/13107
http://kmou.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000670843
- Description
- In the present study a total of 88 species, which corresponds to 9 phyla, 12 classes, 30 orders, 53 families, and 73 genera, were found and listed from the rocky shores in Busan, Korea. DNA barcoding based on the primers of COI and H3 which are DNA regions has been successfully performed as well as critical analysis of the morphological characteristics. Fail-safe verification with two primers in the COI and H3 regions was successful. This result was confirmed in a phylogenetic tree with clusters being formed by species. Five species viz. Anachis miser miser, Calliostoma koma, Cantharidus japonicus, Heptacarpus rectirostris, and Vexillum emiliae have been firstly reported NCBI viz. a global genetic database, and 18 species viz. Cantharidus jessoensis, Cellana grata, Cleantiella isopus, Coscinasterias acutispina, Halosydna brevisetosa, Ischnochiton boninensis, Ischnochiton comptus, Ischnochiton hayamii, Leptodius affinis, Modiolus comptus, Monodonta confusa, Nassarius fraterculus, Onithochiton hirasei, Placiphorella stimpsoni, Rhyssoplax kurodai, Siphonaria zelandica, Tegula xanthostigma, and Tristichotrochus unicus were firstly reported to NCBI from Korean waters. In addition, occurrences of three invasive species of Ciona intestinalis, Herdmania momus, and Crepidula onyx have been confirmed with possible negative impacts on marine logistics, aquaculture, and fisheries of Busan area.
In terms of macrozoobenthos distribution, differences in community compositions have been found between the communities from Anchorage Ground and the Reference Site. This difference in community composition was further demonstrated in the MDS analysis of the Bray–Curtis similarity matrix. The Anchorage Ground is a place where a number of ships from around the world are anchoring before going in the Busan Port. Macrobenthic biodiversity in this zone was significantly higher compared to the Reference Site. These difference in community structure may be attributed to differences in site environments such as pollution status and the physical settings. The present study has contributed to the better understanding of macrozoobenthos community composition along the southern coast of Korea with providing basic data for the prospective future studies.
- Abstract
- Macrozoobenthos account for over 95% of the world's animal species. They are grouped into more than 30 phyla and make up most of the macroscopic life in the oceans. However, there are few studies on the distribution and diversity of macrozoobenthos in Busan. In May 2022, field research was conducted at 4 sites, divided into an Anchorage Ground and a Reference Site. Using COI and H3 genes, 5 species were first reported to NCBI, a global gene site, and 18 species were first reported to NCBI in Korean waters. A total of 88 species were identified. 56 Mollusca (63.6%), 12 Arthropoda (13.6%), 6 Echinodermata (6.8%), 4 Chordata (4.5%), 3 Annelida (3.4%), 3 Porifera (3.4%), 2 Platyhelminthes (2.3%), 1 Brachiopoda (1.1%), and 1 Cnidaria (1.1%). Based on cluster analysis of the Bray-Curtis similarity of macrozoobenthos, the Anchorage Ground was clearly identified as a group with a relatively higher diversity. The three invasive species found only in the Anchorage Ground in this study are Ciona intestinalis, Herdmania momus, and Crepidula onyx. This study is the first report using molecular methods to analyze the distribution, identification, and community composition of macrozoobenthos on the rocky shore of Busan, which is part of the Anchorage Ground.|대형저서동물은 전 세계 동물 종 수의 95% 이상을 차지한다. 이들은 30개 이상의 계통군으로 분류되며 거시적인 해양 생물의 대부분을 차지한다. 그러나 부산 지역에서는 대형저서동물의 분포와 다양성에 대한 연구가 거의 이루어지지 않고 있다. 2022년 5월 묘박지 (Anchorage Ground) 와 기준지 (Reference Site) 로 구분하여 총 4개 정점에서 현장 조사를 실시하였다. 글로벌 유전자 사이트 NCBI에 COI와 H3 유전자 영역을 이용해서 5종의 DNA를 최초로 보고하고, 우리나라 해역에서는 18종을 처음 보고했다. 총 88종이 확인되었으며 그 구성은 연체동물 56종 (63.6%), 절지동물 12종 (13.6%), 극피동물 6종 (6.8%), 척삭동물 4종 (4.5%), 환형동물 3종 (3.4%), 해면동물 3종 (3.4%), 편형동물 2종 (2.3%), 완족동물 1종 (1.1%), 자포동물 1종 (1.1%)이다. 대형저서동물의 Bray-Curtis 유사도에 대한 집괴 분석을 통해 묘박지는 상대적으로 더 높은 다양성을 가진 집단으로 명확하게 확인되었다. 이 연구에서 묘박지에서만 발견되는 침입종 세 종은 Ciona intestinalis (유령멍게), Herdmania momus (분홍멍게) 및 Crepidula onyx (뚱뚱이짚신고둥) 이다. 본 연구는 묘박지에 속하는 부산의 암반해안에 서식하는 대형저서동물의 분포, 동정 및 군집 구성을 분석하기 위해 분자적 방법을 이용한 최초의 보고이다.
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