By the middle of the 19th century, shipowners found themselves faced with the threat of increasing liabilities. In the year 1836 it was decided by the courts that a shipowner could not recover from his hull underwriter for damage done in a collision. This was a result of decision in the case of De Vaux v. Salvador. P & I had been origined from this case and developed.
And this paper deals with Korea P & I Rules and Korean Law as to this subject. In the conclusion, I suppose revision of Article 20 and 21 of Korea P & I Rule. I think this revision will protect shipowner.