우리나라 국제특송업체의 글로벌전략에 관한 연구

Abstract

This study is carried out to suggest empirical global strategies for domestic International Express Companies (IEC). To achieve the goal of the study, several issues and methodology were considered. Firstly the matters of “what is the International Express Companies (IEC) or what factors bring it to emerge?” are considered. Study on the International Express Companies has not still attracted academically so that the International Express Companies (IEC) has been used generally the terms such as Door to Door Service, Desk to Desk, Express, Courier Service in business world. Therefore we need to look up general issues and features of the International Express Companies (IEC).

Secondly theoretical background of global strategies such as Integration Responsiveness, Total Global Strategy, Global Alliance, Merger & Acquisition was conducted to analyze global strategies of the International Express Companies (IEC) (these will be considered in the next section)

Thirdly the case study on both Korean express companies and foreign global express companies were conducted and the implications of their strategy were also analyzed.

Lastly, the following statistics analytical methods were used for analyzing the responses which were collected by questionnaire survey.

- Cronbach's alpha verification method and factor analysis were used to analyze the validity and internal reliability,

- Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test and estimate causal relations using a combination of statistical data and qualitative causal assumptions.

- Kendall's ranking verification method was used to identify the ranking among factors.

To suggest empirical global strategies for domestic International Express Companies (IEC) we consider how we can establish factor for global strategy and its sub-factors. Namely, the issues were regarding “which factors are most proper for establishment of successful global strategies for the domestic International Express Companies (IEC), which we define as characteristics of Express Industry and its globalization factors” and then “which factors are most proper to enrich (both quality and quantity) for the domestic International Express Companies (IEC), which we define as market entry strategy based on market size or company’s size factors”. The following factors are driven with our deep consideration.

Establishment of successful global strategies for the domestic International Express Companies (IEC): characteristics of Express Industry and its globalization factor (five riogenous factors) - market aspects, industry aspects, globalization effect, competition level and the technological level.

Enrich (both quality and quantity) for the domestic International Express Companies (IEC): market entry strategy based on market size or company’s size factor and differentiation strategy factor (7 parameter variables) - M&A strategy (market entry strategy based on market size or company’s size factor), integrated logistics enterprise strategy (market entry strategy based on market size or company’s size factor), phased market entry strategy (market entry strategy based on market size or company’s size factor), SCM strategy (differentiation strategy factor), the third party operating strategy (differentiation strategy factor), total logistic operating system strategy (differentiation strategy factor), and differentiation strategy on product and delivery service (differentiation strategy factor).

The results of the study are summarized as below.

Firstly, in the ranking test of the characteristics of the international express industry and globalization, the construction of advantageous logistics networks (competition level) encompasses others such as the economy of scale effect by globalization, standardization and compatibility of the delivery tech-system (globalization), and good relationship with subcontractor (industry).

Secondly, the total logistics operating system strategy is more importantly considered then differentiation strategy, integrated logistics enterprise strategy.

Thirdly, the market factor, globalization factor, and technology factor do not represent positive relation to the global strategy while the industry factor and competition factor are positively related to the global strategy.

Fourthly, both the market entry strategy based on market size or company’s size factor and differentiation strategy factor work positively for the domestic International Express Companies (IEC) to strengthen their competitiveness.

However, there are some limitations that this study has borne:

This study is conducted based on both the case studies and the questionnaire survey from the local branch offices and agents of domestic and foreign global express companies which are located only in Busan. As considering most of the international express companies’ head quarters are located in Seoul, this study has some limits in representing the real perception of the head quarters. Therefore, in view of the importance of this area, it is necessary to conduct further study both level of the local branch offices / agents and headquarters of the international express companies later on.